Just What is a No-Till System?
When using a no-till system, soil is left undisturbed from harvest to
planting except for nutrient injection. Planting or drilling is accomplished
in a narrow seedbed or slot created by coulters, row cleaners, disk openers,
in-row chisels or roto-tillers. Weed control is accomplished with herbicides.
How can the Dakota County Soil and Water Conservation District (SWCD)
assist me?
The SWCD has a 15-foot John Deere No-Till Drill with 10” spacing (pictured) available to rent for
drilling soybeans or other small grain crops. The rental rate is $9.75 per acre (tax included).
A SWCD technician will assist the landowner by loading, calibrating, and adjusting the planting depth of the
drill on site.
Benefits of No-Till:
No-Till systems offer numerous benefits that intensive or conventional
tillage simply can not match:
Reduced labor requirements As little one trip for planting
compared to two or more tillage operations plus planting for conventional
tillage.
Time savings Fewer trips results in less time expended
in the field.
Reduced machinery wear - Fewer trips save on machinery wear and
costs.
Fuel savings Fewer trips saves on fuel expenses.
Higher soil moisture Crop residues reduce water evaporation
from the top few inches of the soil. No-till can make as much as two additional
inches of water available for growing plants in late summer.
Reduced soil erosion Crop residues on the soil surface
reduce erosion by water and wind.
Improved water quality Crop residues help hold soil particles
and associated nutrients and pesticides on the field, cutting herbicide
runoff rates in half. Additionally, the microbes that live in carbon-rich
soils quickly degrade pesticides, protecting groundwater quality.
Improved water infiltration Crop residues act as tiny dams
to slow down water runoff from the field, allowing the water more time to
soak into the soil. Channels (macropores) created by earthworms and old
plant roots that are left intact increase infiltration. All help significantly
to reduce or eliminate field runoff.
Decreased soil compaction Reduced weight with no-till can
help minimized compaction. Additional filed traffic required by intensive
tillage breaks down the soil structure, promoting compaction.
Improved soil tilth No-till increases soil particle aggregation
(small soil clumps) which make it easier for water to move through the soil
and allows plants to use less energy to establish roots.
More wildlife Crop residues provide shelter and food for
wildlife, such as game birds and small animals.
Reduced release of carbon gases Less tillage keeps naturally
occurring carbon in the soil for use as organic matter. Intensive tillage
releases soil carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide where it can
combine with other gases to contribute to global warming.
Reduced air pollution Crop residues reduce wind erosion
and the amount of dust in the air. Fewer trips also reduce fossil fuel emissions.
Primary Contact for No-Till Drill Program
Brad Becker, Resource Conservationist
Phone: (651) 480-7782 Fax: (651) 480-7775
brad.becker@co.dakota.mn.us